Improvement in hoisting-machines



JAOKE H0isting-Machi No, 206,?34. Patented Aug. 6,1878.

C Z TNFSZEF? @iz fiji ATTORNEY is driven continuously by the power,

; one all the others are affected.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orr-Ion.

max mumsononnnyor MAR UETTE, MICHIGAN, nssronon TO nlnsntr AND DANIEL H.MEBRITT, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT-IN HOISTING-MACHINES.

i l Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 206,734, datedAugust 6, 187B application filed 7 June 6, 1878.

.Hoisting-1naehinery.for mines and other 2 places where heavy. loads areto be raised is usually constructed as follows: A main shaft Chain drumsor reels are mounted loosely upon the mainshaft or adjacent thereto, andgearing,

' 1 friction-wheels, or clutches are used to apply 1 the power; of themain shaft to the windingreels, or disconnect the same, at will.

The object of this arrangement is to obtain rapid hoisting from the onemotor upon as a 1 many drums as possible.

This object has not been fully attained, and the difficulties inc creasein proportion as the number of drums ynpon one shaft is increased.

. The principal difiiculty results from the fact that the drums are notindependent of each other,but when it is necessary to slow down Thisslowing down is necessary when starting to hoist a a heavy load,especially when a clutch is used, as the sudden starting of the load atfull speed will break the rope or clutch.

If a friction-clutch is used, the great pressare of starting at fullspeed cuts out the friction-wheels and throws the winding-reel to oneside, which tends to rapidly wear out the bearings.

Another difficulty is experienced when the load reaches its highestpoint and it becomes necessary to reverse the motion of the reel.Considerable skill is required at this time, as the drum must bereleased from the main shaft and the brakes applied soon enough toprevent the load getting a downward headway. It is usual to apply thebrakes partially before the clutch is entirely freed; but this causesheavy strain and wear upon the machinery, and considerable skill isrequired to prevent accident.

To avoid these difficulties auxiliary engines have been used, and twobrakes have been applied, one for hoisting and the other for reversing.The difficulty with two brakes is that the workman has not positivecontrol of the load at all times. There is a point of time at whichneither brake is in use, and consequently the load may run back, or elseboth brakes are applied at once and are working against each other.

The object of my invention is to overcome the difliculties heretoforementioned, and I use for that purpose a single differentialfrictionbrakc, applied to the winding-drum, in connection with gearing,in: such a manner that the starting, stopping, and reversing of the drumare accomplished bymanipulation of the one brake, and'this is donewithout interfering with the operation of any other windin drum whichmay be operated from the same main shaft.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is an elevation oi the hoisting reel or drum,partially in section. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of the same at the line02 w,- and Fig. 3 is an end view of the drum, partially broken off.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

a is the main hoisting-shaft, which is connected to or driven by themotor so as to be revolved continuously. Any desired number of drums maybe driven from this main shaft, and I haveshown a clutch, b, forconnecting a second drum or reel. The shaft or is mounted 'in boxes 0 0upon the frame 01, which is of a character suit-able to support themachinery.

c is the hoisting drum or wheel, and f is the hoisting-rope. g is aflanged friction-wheel upon the shaft a, adjacent to the drum 0. Thefriction-wheel g and drum 0 are loose upon the main shaft a. The drum 0has an internal gear, h, keyed or bolted fast to the drum upon the endnext to the friction-wheel g. i is agear-wheel, fast upon the main shafta, in the same plane as the internal gear'h.

k k are intermediate gear-wheels between the gear 'i and internal gearh. These intermediate gears k revolve upon pins or bosses Z projectingfrom the friction-wheel 9. One only of the gears k is essential to theoperation of the machine, but I provide a se'cond gear, 70, to balancethe wheel 9. The drum e is provided with a head, m, next to l thegearing to prevent the displacement of the intermediate gears k. n isthebrake-head upon the frame (I, and swinging thereon by a pin, 0.

v pis a shoe upon the brake-head a, taking I upon the wheel 9.

against the periphery of the friction-wheel g, between't-he flangesthereof. q is a frictionstrap, secured midway of its ends to the frame don the opposite side to the brake-head 'n. A pin, q, passing throughears q and the friction-strap q, secures the strap'to the frame d. Theends of the friction-strap q pass around the wheel g, and are attachedby links 12 to boxes 8, which are placed in'grooves in the brake-head n.s s are the wooden shoes attached to-the friction-strap q.

The means shown for tightening the frictionbrakeupon the wheel ghonsistsof a gear-segment, t, hung as a lever on a pin, t, in the brake-head-mShort links u connect the lever t with the boxes 8 s. A worm-shaft v,operated by a hand-wheehve, and gearing with the segment t, can be usedto draw the boxes 8 8 together, thereby tightening the strap q upon thewheel 9, and at the same time causing the shoe 1) of the brake-heads tohear The operation of the machine is as follows: The main shaft a andgear-wheel t revolve I continuously, and the motion is communicated tothe intermediate gears k uponthe friction wheel 9, and as long as thebrake is not applied to the wheel g the wheel 9 simply revolves, whilethe hoisting-drum 0 remains stationary. Supposing it is desired to hoista load,'thc workman applies the brake by operating the hand-wheel 'v,and increases thev pressure of the brake as the load starts until thefull speed. is; attained. .When "the full pressure of the brake is onthe wheel 9, said wheel 9 has stopped its revolution, and the power ofthe main shaft'a is transmitted wholly to hoisting-drum cby the gearing.As soon as the load'reaches the desired point the speed of thehoisting-druinc is lessened by gradually relieving the brake until thedrum 0 stops, and the motion is reversed by the weight of the load.

The descent of the load can be accurately regulated by operating thebrake, and in mines the return of the ship or cage after being unloadedcan be made at any desired speed.

I have described my invention as available for hoisting purposes atmines, but it is to be understood that the same can be applied to otherpurposes, either as a portable or permanent hoisting-machine.

The hoisting-machine above described is simple and composed of fewparts, and those all easy of access. It can be operated by unskilledworkmen. and there is no danger of I the line of hoisting-drums gettingout of true bearings, as the pressure of the brake is equal upon allsides of the friction-wheel, and is always concentric with thedriving-shaft and thebearings of the hoisting-drum.

I do not limit myself to the'preeise details herein set forth, as theymay be changed to suit the circumstances where the apparatus is in use;neither do I limit myself to the relative size or position of thegearing. The size of the gearing is regulated by the desired speed forthe drum, and the arrangementot' the gearing may be reversedas, forinstance, the internal gear may be upon the brakewheel, and theintermediate gear upon the reel, thus reversing the motion of the drumrelative to the main shaft. These variations of position maybe combinedfor the purpose *of running the drum forward or backward by thedriving-shaft, while the driving-shaft coutinues to revolve in the onedirection. The principle and effect of my invention will remain the samein all these variations.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Lettcrslatent- 1. The frietioh-whcel g, drum 0, internal gear:

11., intermediate gear k main shaft a, gearwheel '5, and brake q,combined and arranged substantially as and for the purposes set forth.2. The gear-segment t, sliding boxes 8 8, links a, and worm v, foroperating the brakestrap, substantially as set forth. v

3. The combination, with the flanged friction-wheel g, of the shoe p ona brake-head,

a, swinging on pin 0, and the strap q, secured midway to frame (I by thepin q, link connected to the boxes 8 and provided with shoes 8', as andfor the purpose specified.

' llIAXlll [ILIANE JAOKER.

Wi tncsses:

:1). I1. MERRITT,

FRANK W. Mnamrr.

